Contents
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Royal Commission on Genetic Modification | Report Appendix 3
appendix 3
Outcomes of Consultation: Submissions
from the Public
Contents
Introduction to Appendix 3
1
Quotations, abbreviations and macrons
1
1.
Scoping Meetings: summary of outcomes
3
Introduction
4
Issues and ideas expressed
4
Outcomes of the scoping process
8
2.
Public Meetings: summary of outcomes
10
Human health issues
12
Consumer choice/Labelling issues
13
Cultural and spiritual issues
14
Environmental issues
15
Economic issues
16
Future use issues
17
Global development issues
18
Ethical issues
19
Other issues commonly addressed at workshops
20
Legislation
20
Animal rights
21
3.
Analysis of Public Submissions
22
3.1
Introduction to the analysis of Public Submissions
23
The submission process
25
Analysis of Public Submissions
25
Profile of Public Submissions
27
The report structure
28
3.2
Strategic outcomes, issues and options
30
Background
30
Outline of this section
30
Strategic outcomes
31
Health outcomes
31
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Report Appendix 3 | Royal Commission on Genetic Modification
Environment outcomes
32
Social outcomes
32
Economic outcomes
33
Strategic issues
34
Issues of choice
34
Issues of risk and risk management
35
Issues of acceptability
37
Strategic options for genetic modification
38
Health-related options
39
Environment-related options
41
Social-related options
41
Economy-related options
42
3.3
Statutory and regulatory system
44
Background
44
Outline of this section
45
Adequacy of current statutory and regulatory system
45
Problems with current system
46
Suggested improvements
48
3.4
Use of genetic modification, genetically modified
organisms and products
53
Background
53
Outline of this section
53
How genetic modification technology is being used
55
3.5
Evidence and uncertainty
56
Background
56
Outline of this section
56
General comments
56
Environmental matters
60
Social matters
62
Health matters
62
Food matters
63
Economic matters
65
3.6
Risks and benefits
67
Background
67
Outline of this section
67
General overview
67
Risks and benefits of use of genetic modification
68
Benefits
68
Risks
70
Risks and benefits of avoidance of genetic modification
74
Benefits
74
Risks
75
3.7
International obligations
77
Background
77
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Royal Commission on Genetic Modification | Report Appendix 3
Outline of this section
77
Trade and other agreements
77
Sovereignty issues
79
3.8
Liability
80
Background
80
Outline of this section
80
Problems around attribution of liability
80
Producers' liability
82
The State's liability
82
Liability insurance
82
Regulatory framework
83
3.9
Intellectual property
84
Background
84
Outline of this section
84
Definition and characteristics
84
The application of patenting
84
Advantages and disadvantages of patenting
85
The legislative context and its adequacy
85
3.10 Treaty of Waitangi
88
Background
88
Outline of this section
88
Treaty of Waitangi
88
Tikanga principles and genetic modification
89
3.11 Global developments
91
Background
91
Outline of this section
91
Partnership with nature
91
Economic globalisation
92
Biotechnology revolution
92
Consumer responses to genetic modification
92
Legal and policy responses to genetic modification
93
3.12 Opportunities from use or avoidance
94
Background
94
Outline of this section
94
Opportunities from use of genetic modification
94
Opportunities from avoidance of genetic modification
96
3.13 Main areas of public interest
98
Background
98
Outline of this section
98
Distribution of concerns
99
Human health
99
Environmental matters
101
Economic matters
102
Cultural and ethical concerns
103
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Report Appendix 3 | Royal Commission on Genetic Modification
Social matters
104
Risk and uncertainty
105
3.14 Summary of analysis of Public Submissions
106
Background
106
Main themes against Warrant items
109
Strategic outcomes, issues and options
109
Statutory and regulatory system
110
Use of genetic modification, genetically modified organisms
and products
110
Evidence and uncertainty
111
Risks and benefits
111
International obligations
112
Liability
112
Intellectual property
112
Treaty of Waitangi
113
Global developments
113
Opportunities from use or avoidance
113
Main areas of public interest
114
3.15 Comment on policy, process and regulation provided
through public submissions by public sector
organisations
116
Background
116
Australia New Zealand Food Authority
117
Department of Conservation
120
Human Rights Commission
122
Institute of Environmental Science and Research
124
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
126
Ministry of Consumer Affairs
129
Ministry of Economic Development
130
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade
133
Ministry of Health
135
Te Puni Kokiri
136
4.
Analysis of Maori Consultation
programme
140
4.1
Analysis of oral and written submissions from Hui
141
Background
141
Outline of Regional Hui
142
Wanganui Regional Hui
142
Whangarei Regional Hui
143
Rotorua Regional Hui
143
Wellington Regional Hui
144
Blenheim Regional Hui
146
Hastings Regional Hui
146
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Royal Commission on Genetic Modification | Report Appendix 3
Gisborne Regional Hui
147
Christchurch Regional Hui
148
Dunedin Regional Hui
148
Auckland Regional Hui
149
Outline of National Hui
150
Recommendations on genetic modification from the hui
152
Analysis of main points in oral and written submissions
153
Tikanga Maori
153
Treaty of Waitangi
155
Control and benefits
156
Information and Time
157
4.2
Analysis of cultural, spiritual and religious issues for
Maori raised in Public Meetings
159
Background
159
Methodology
160
Whose views?
160
Issues raised
161
Attitudes and knowledge
161
Treaty of Waitangi and genetic modification
161
Tikanga/spiritual
162
Food and medicine
163
Intellectual property
164
Summary
165
4.3
Analysis of views relating to Maori raised by the
Youth Forum
166
Background
166
Views expressed
166
Essays
166
Role-play
167
Treaty of Waitangi
167
Conclusion
168
5.
Youth Forum: summary of outcomes
169
Introduction
170
Programme
170
Issues for discussion
171
Participants' views on the seven priority topics
172
Medical and human health
172
Environmental
173
Economic
174
Consumers and food
174
Treaty of Waitangi
175
Ethics and morals
176
Political and legal
176
Conclusion
177
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Report Appendix 3 | Royal Commission on Genetic Modification
6.
Analysis of Public Opinion Survey
178
Introduction
179
Key overall findings
179
Importance of genetic modification to
New Zealand
182
Demographic profile of the two "importance" groups
186
Key findings
197
Awareness and understanding of genetic modification
197
To what extent is genetic modification already being used
in New Zealand?
198
Are there more advantages or more disadvantages?
207
Do you approve or disapprove of genetic modification?
211
What genetic modification has to offer New Zealand
223
Knowledge and personal importance of genetic
modification
224
Demographic differences
226
7.
Glossaries
235
7.1
Glossary of technical terms
236
7.1
Glossary of Maori terms
250
7.3
Abbreviations
252
Index
254